Gertrude presents with right knee osteoarthritis and is being trained to use a cane. She demonstrates unsteady steps when initiating gait and turning, occasionally placing the cane too far ahead of her. She reports feeling unsure about how to use the cane properly in crowded environments. Which intervention is MOST important to improve the patient’s safety and confidence during cane use?

A) Adjust cane height to ensure proper weight distribution

B) Train safe gait initiation and turning techniques

C) Instruct on cane use in crowded environments

D) Recommend a walker for greater stability

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Betty presents with type 2 diabetes and a non-healing ulcer on the lateral ankle. The ulcer is dry, and the patient reports discomfort in her posterior lower leg with walking. On examination, the affected foot has a capillary refill that is prolonged. Which assessment is MOST important to include during the initial evaluation?

A) Monofilament testing for protective sensation

B) Visual inspection for signs of infection

C) ABI to evaluate vascular supply

D) Toe pressure measurement for microvascular assessment

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Cobert presents with a history of peripheral artery disease and was referred to physical therapy for walking endurance. He reports intermittent claudication in his calves after walking 100 meters and frequently stops to rest. His resting ABI is 0.7 in both legs. The goal is to enhance his functional capacity and quality of life. Which walking program is MOST appropriate to improve this patient’s functional capacity?

A) Treadmill walking at 60% of maximal heart rate, continuous for 30 minutes

B) Walking to the point of moderate pain, resting, and repeating for 30 minutes total

C) Interval walking at high intensity with short rest breaks

D) Walking with partial body weight support to reduce claudication pain

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