Nik and Michael discuss when not to use Postgres — specifically use cases where it still makes sense to store data in another system.

Here are some links to things they mentioned:

• Just use Postgres (blog post by Ethan McCue) https://mccue.dev/pages/8-16-24-just-use-postgres
• Just Use Postgres for Everything (blog post by Stephan Schmidt) https://www.amazingcto.com/postgres-for-everything
• Real-time analytics episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/real-time-analytics
• Crunchy Data Joins Snowflake https://www.crunchydata.com/blog/crunchy-data-joins-snowflake
• Two sizes fit most: PostgreSQL and Clickhouse (blog post by Sid Sijbrandij) https://about.gitlab.com/blog/two-sizes-fit-most-postgresql-and-clickhouse
• pg_duckdb episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/pg_duckdb
• Cloudberry https://github.com/apache/cloudberry
• Time-series considerations episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/time-series-considerations
• Queues in Postgres episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/queues-in-postgres
• Large Objects https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/largeobjects.html
• PGlite https://pglite.dev
• ParadeDB https://www.paradedb.com
• ZomboDB https://github.com/zombodb/zombodb
• turbopuffer https://turbopuffer.com
• HNSW vs. DiskANN (blog post by Haziqa Sajid) https://www.tigerdata.com/learn/hnsw-vs-diskann
• SPANN: Highly-efficient Billion-scale Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (paper) https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/SPANN_finalversion1.pdf
• Amazon S3 Vectors https://aws.amazon.com/s3/features/vectors
• Iterative Index Scans added to pgvector in 0.8.0 https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector/issues/678
• S3 FDW from Supabase https://github.com/supabase/wrappers/tree/main/wrappers/src/fdw/s3_fdw

~~~

What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!

~~~

Postgres FM is produced by:

• Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustard
• Nikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.ai

With credit to:

• Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Nik and Michael discuss disks in relation to Postgres — why they matter, how saturation can happen, some modern nuances, and how to prepare to avoid issues.

Here are some links to things they mentioned:

• Nik’s tweet demonstrating a NOTIFY hot spot https://x.com/samokhvalov/status/1959468091035009245
• Postgres LISTEN/NOTIFY does not scale (blog post by Recall ai) https://www.recall.ai/blog/postgres-listen-notify-does-not-scale
• track_io_timing https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-statistics.html#GUC-TRACK-IO-TIMING
• pg_test_timing https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgtesttiming.html
• PlanetScale for Postgres https://planetscale.com/blog/planetscale-for-postgres
• Out of disk episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/out-of-disk
• 100TB episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/to-100tb-and-beyond
• Latency Numbers Every Programmer Should Know https://gist.github.com/jboner/2841832
• Fio https://github.com/axboe/fio

~~~

What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!

~~~

Postgres FM is produced by:

• Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustard
• Nikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.ai

With credit to:

• Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Nik and Michael discuss multi-column indexes in Postgres — what they are, how to think about them, and some guidance around using them effectively.

Here are some links to things they mentioned:

• Multicolumn Indexes (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/indexes-multicolumn.html
• Our episode on Index-only scans https://postgres.fm/episodes/index-only-scans
• Combining Multiple Indexes (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/indexes-bitmap-scans.html
• Enable BUFFERS with EXPLAIN ANALYZE by default https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=c2a4078ebad71999dd451ae7d4358be3c9290b07
• “PostgreSQL includes an implementation of the standard btree […] The only limitation is that an index entry cannot exceed approximately one-third of a page” https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/btree.html
• Our episode on HOT updates https://postgres.fm/episodes/hot-updates
• Our episode on LIMIT vs Performance https://postgres.fm/episodes/limit-vs-performance

~~~

What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!

~~~

Postgres FM is produced by:

• Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustard
• Nikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.ai

With credit to:

• Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork